Integrating Job Safety Analysis (JSA) into Railway Construction Projects: A Risk-Based Safety Framework from the Branti–Tegineneng Railway Upgrade in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64780/jeims.v1i2.7Keywords:
Hazard Identification, Job Safety Analysis, Occupational safety, Railway ConstructionAbstract
This study investigates the integration of Job Safety Analysis (JSA) into railway construction projects as a proactive strategy to enhance occupational safety and risk control. Focusing on the Branti–Tegineneng segment of the Tarahan–Tanjung Enim railway upgrade in Indonesia, the research addresses the urgent need for structured risk mitigation in complex, high-risk infrastructure development. A mixed-method approach was applied, involving field observations, document analysis, and quantitative risk assessment based on the AS/NZS 4360:2004 risk management guideline. Forty-eight construction activities were systematically analyzed using the JSA framework, which included identifying hazards, evaluating the likelihood and severity of potential accidents, and mapping risk levels using a risk matrix. Findings revealed that a significant number of activities posed medium to high risks, with the most critical hazards associated with manual handling, excavation, material transportation, and improper use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The implementation of JSA led to improved safety awareness, the establishment of control measures such as safety briefings (safety morning), enforcement of PPE use, and the application of work permits and incident response protocols. This study contributes to the development of a practical and adaptable risk-based safety framework for infrastructure projects. It demonstrates that JSA not only reduces the probability of accidents but also enhances on-site safety culture. The framework is particularly relevant for developing countries aiming to align construction practices with international safety standards.
References
Adhikari, S. R. And Giri, O. P., “Evaluation Of Health And Safety Status Of Public And Private Building Construction Projects In Pokhara,” Himalayan Journal Of Applied Science And Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.3126/Hijase.V4i2.62189
Al-Bayati, A. J., “Impact Of Construction Safety Culture And Construction Safety Climate On Safety Behavior And Safety Motivation,” Safety, Vol. 7, No. 2, 2021. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Safety7020041
“Application Of The Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Method To Assessment Occupational Risk At The Workplace Of The Laser Cutter Operator,” Management And Production Engineering Review, Polska Akademia Nauk, Vol. 12, 2021. Http://Psjd.Icm.Edu.Pl/Psjd/Element/Bwmeta1.Element.Oai-Journals-Pan-Pl-120920/C/Oai-Journals-Pan-Pl-120920_Full-Text_4_Palega_Corr.Pdf-1
Ardianti, I. M., Setiarini, D. A., Andandaningrum, D., And Mughofar, A., “Noise Level Analysis Due To Motor Vehicle Traffic: A Case Study At UIN Raden Intan Lampung,” E3S Web Of Conferences, Vol. 482, P. 01009, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.1051/E3sconf/202448201009
Ashimova, B., Beisenova, R., Navascués, I. M. P. De, Jumabayev, S., Zhupysheva, A., And Tazitdinova, R., “Environmental Hazards Of The Railway Infrastructure Of Kazakhstan,” Sustainability, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Su15021321
Billah, M. A. S., Rizqi, A. W., And Jufriyanto, M., “Efforts To Control Work Accident Risks In Steel Construction Work Using The Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Method. (Case Study At PT. Xyz),” Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Industri, Vol. 20, No. 2, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.24014/Sitekin.V20i2.22166
Cheng, Y. Et Al., “Causes Analysis Of Subgrade Typical Problems In High-Speed Railway Integrated Commissioning And Testing And Corresponding Countermeasures,” In 7th Int. Conf. On Traffic Engineering And Transportation System (ICTETS 2023), 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.1117/12.3015761
Djunaidi, M. And Umami, H., “Occupational Health And Safety Analysis Using Job Safety Analysis And Hazard Identification Risk Assessment And Risk Control Methods,” E3S Web Of Conferences, Vol. 517, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.1051/E3sconf/202451715003
Fadlilah, S. A. J., Sudo, S., And Novianto, D., “Environmental User Preferences In Indonesian Cities Railway Station: Towards Sustainable Transit-Oriented Development (TOD),” IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth And Environmental Science, Vol. 1361, No. 1, P. 012003, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.1088/1755-1315/1361/1/012003
Folkman, M. Et Al., “Comparison Of Bone-To-Implant Contact And Bone Volume Around Implants Placed With Or Without Site Preparation: A Histomorphometric Study In Rabbits,” Scientific Reports, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2020. Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/S41598-020-69455-4
Ghasemi, F., Doosti-Irani, A., And Aghaei, H., “Applications, Shortcomings, And New Advances Of Job Safety Analysis (JSA): Findings From A Systematic Review,” Safety And Health At Work, Vol. 14, No. 2, Pp. 153–162, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Shaw.2023.03.006
Gong, S., Gao, X., Zhou, L., And Chen, L., “Developing A Dynamic Supervision Mechanism To Improve Construction Safety Investment Supervision Efficiency In China,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, Vol. 18, No. 7, 2021. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Ijerph18073594
Guo, F., Lv, X., Gu, J., And Wu, Y., “The Use Of Weighted Euclidean Distance To Provide Assistance In The Selection Of Safety Risk Prevention And Control Strategies For Major Railway Projects,” Buildings, Vol. 14, No. 5, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Buildings14051270
Hartono, B., Wijaya, D. F. N., And Arini, H. M., “The Impact Of Project Risk Management Maturity On Performance: Complexity As A Moderating Variable,” Int. J. Eng. Bus. Manag., Vol. 11, 2019. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/1847979019855504
Hasheminejad, N. Et Al., “Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment Of Occupational Activities In Golgohar Mining Company, Southeast Iran (2021),” J. Occup. Health Epidemiol., Vol. 11, No. 1, 2022. Https://Doi.Org/10.52547/Johe.11.1.32
Liu, X., “Application Of BIM In Project Management In China,” Theoretical And Natural Science, Vol. 26, No. 1, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.54254/2753-8818/26/20241001
Magfirona, A., Rachmawati, G. Z., And Rizana, R., “Analysis Of Occupational Health And Safety Risk Level In The Implementation Of The Solo Balapan - Kadipiro Elevated Railway Construction Project (Stage 2),” IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth And Environmental Science, Vol. 1444, No. 1, 2025. Https://Doi.Org/10.1088/1755-1315/1444/1/012009
Mahaboon, J. Et Al., “Hazard Identification And Job Safety Analysis For Improving Occupational Health And Safety In Fishing Net Sinking Process In Southern Thailand,” Int. J. Integrated Engineering, Vol. 14, No. 4, Pp. 201–211, 2022. Https://Doi.Org/10.30880/Ijie.2022.14.04.015
Mulyaningsih, E., “Analysis Of The Safety Risks Of Working With Job Safety Analysis On The Installation Of Scaffolding At PT. Jaya Konstruksi Jakarta,” Int. J. Science, Technology & Management, Vol. 1, No. 3, Pp. 275–287, 2020. Https://Doi.Org/10.46729/Ijstm.V1i3.59
Nudin, M. I. And Andesta, D., “Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja Menggunakan Metode Job Safety Analysis Pada Departemen Fabrikasi,” Jurnal Teknik Industri, Vol. 9, No. 1, Pp. 51–61, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.24014/Jti.V9i1.21920
Nurimbetov, R. And Zikriyoev, A., “Modern Challenges In Health And Safety At Construction Industry,” Bulletin Of Science And Practice, Vol. 5, No. 3, 2019. Https://Doi.Org/10.33619/2414-2948/40/32
Olugbenga, O., Kalyviotis, N., And Saxe, S., “Embodied Emissions In Rail Infrastructure: A Critical Literature Review,” Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 14, No. 12, 2019. Https://Doi.Org/10.1088/1748-9326/Ab442f
Onubi, H. O., Yusof, N., And Hassan, A. S., “Green Site Practices And Environmental Performance: How Project Complexity Moderates The Relationship,” Construction Economics And Building, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2019. Https://Doi.Org/10.5130/Ajceb.V19i1.6574
Oswald, D., Ahiaga-Dagbui, D. D., Sherratt, F., And Smith, S., “An Industry Structured For Unsafety? An Exploration Of The Cost-Safety Conundrum In Construction Project Delivery,” Safety Science, Vol. 122, 2020. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ssci.2019.104535
Pramitasari, R. Et Al., “Job Safety Analysis And Hazard Identification Of Welding Process In Semarang-JSA Method AS/NZS 4360:2004,” Disease Prevention And Public Health Journal, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2021. Https://Doi.Org/10.12928/Dpphj.V16i1.4613
Prinanda, D. And Prasodjo, H., “Indonesia’s Trade Policy Strategy Through The Rail Industry For The Train Market In Africa,” Media Trend, Vol. 18, No. 1, Article 1, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.21107/Mediatrend.V18i1.17337
Rahayu, S., “Analisis Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja Menggunakan Metode Job Safety Analysis Pada Dinding Penahan Tanah Di Proyek CWP-02 Gedung FPEB UPI,” VOCATECH, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.38038/Vocatech.V5i1.63
Shabani, Z. D. And Safaie, S., “Do Transport Infrastructure Spillovers Matter For Economic Growth? Evidence On Road And Railway Transport Infrastructure In Iranian Provinces,” Regional Science Policy & Practice, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2018. Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/Rsp3.12114
Soesilo, R., “JSA And HIRADC Analysis Of Mold Replacement Process On Inject Stretch Blow Machine,” Int. J. Engineering, Science And Information Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.52088/Ijesty.V3i1.398
Tripathi, P. And Mittal, Y. K., “Current Safety Practices In The Construction Industry: A Case Study Approach,” IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth And Environmental Science, Vol. 1326, No. 1, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.1088/1755-1315/1326/1/012156
Wang, D., Wang, H.-W., Lu, K.-F., Peng, Z.-R., And Zhao, J., “Regional Prediction Of Ozone And Fine Particulate Matter Using Diffusion Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, Vol. 19, No. 7, 2022. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Ijerph19073988
Wu, H. Et Al., “Generation And Characteristics Of Construction Noise In Rail Transit Engineering Enclosure Structures,” Buildings, Vol. 14, No. 4, 2024. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Buildings14040970
Yu-Xiang, G., Dong, X., Han, F., And Li, Z., “An Optimization Model For A Desert Railway Route Scheme Based On Interval Number And TOPSIS,” Applied Sciences, Vol. 12, No. 21, 2022. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/App122110728
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ashruri, Ahmad Zakaria, Muhammad Haviz (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
JOURNAL DETAIL 
